Glass-drawing apparatus.



PATENTED FEB 536 1906. J, R. SPEER 3; G. H. HARVEY.

GLASS DRAWING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULYZE, 1905.

5 SHEETS-$11163! 1.

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ma .Pm MF w No. 813.248. PATENTBD FEB. 20, 1906,

- J. 3. SPEER & G. H. HARVEY.

GLASS DRAWING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY25, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES W VEN T 5 2% (A. lRSpEET c1116 EHHIHV [2L1 ATTORNEYS.

PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906. HARVEY.

J. R. SPEERKL G.

GLASS DRAWING- APPARATUS APPLICATION FILED JULY25, 1905.

5 SHEBTS-SHEET 3.

my a PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906. H. HARVEY.

J. R. SPEER 6; G.

GLASS DRAWING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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WITNESSES.-

al m4 No. 813,248. PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906. J. R. SPEBR & G. H. HARVEY. GLASS DRAWING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY25, 1905.

a SHEETSSHBET 5.

A7 TTORNE Y5 UNITED STATES PATENT OWOE.

JAMES RAMSEY SPEER, OF PITTSBURG, AND GEORGE H. HARVEY, OF GLENFIELD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO BROWNSVILLE GLASS COMPANY, OF Pll" SBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

GLASS-DRAWlNG APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1906.

Application filed July 25, 1905. Serial No. 271,142.

efficient and simple means for drawi; g glass,

preferably in hollow form, from a molten mass in a more uniform and perfect manner than has been possible heretofore.

Prior to the present invention the manufacture of glass cylinders has been 01. the order of hit or miss. In other words, there has been no mechanical means provided that could absolutely control the diameter of the cylit. tiers and the thickness of their walls during the drawing thereof.

Among the many desirable features that.

macliiijes for drawing glass cylinders should have are the following: First, they should be capable of drawing the glass in true vertical alinemcnt and have easy and quick adjust-.

ments, preferably both direct and indirect;

secoid, they should have means for abso-.

lutcly controllirg the transmissoii of air toward and its admission into the cylinders during their formation; third, they should preferably have means for regulating the temperature of the air before its admission to the (lI2LWllIt()()lS and cylinders 1 fourth, they should pro vidc means for cqu. 11in g the pressure of the air within the: inders durii. g their .lormafior; fifth, they should have means for holding the drawi11g-tool in true aliiiemcnt a: d perfectly rigid during the drawizg operation; sixth, they should preferably provide a rigid adjustable connection for supplying air to the drawing-tool; sevc' th, they should preferably have means for adjustii the several drawing-tools which may be used, so that the drawing edges or faces thereof are p: allcl to the surface of the moltou glass to be drawn, iii d, eighth, they should provide means for adjustii'g the rcccptiu-lcs from which the glass is drawn so that the glass therein b21344}! equidistant depth at all poi -ls, having the same relative posia n with reference to the bottom. of the drawing-tools. hereinafter.

To obtain these and other features, we have devised the machine shown in the drawiii 's accompanying this specification; but it is to be understood that our invention is not to be limited to a machine having all or the precise features shown, since some of them may be omitted or modified.

Our drawings are illustrative of one manner only by which the spirit of our invention may be embodied.

Referring to the drawings, Figure \1 is a perspective of our ma chine, showing a cylinder drawn, but still connected to the molten satin-Fig. 2, a vertical section of the same with. the cross-arm broken off and the furnace Other objects will appear omitted; Fig. 3, a partial front elevation, the

base below the mast or standard being in vertical section; Fig. i, a horizontal section on 11116 4 4 of F 1g. 3 Fig. 5, an end View of the cross-arm aitd its connections; Fig. 6, a side furnace and the pot or receptacle from which the glass is drawn, showing particularly the manner by which we preferably level the reccptacle; Fig. 8, a plan of Fig. 7, partly broken away; Fig. 9, a detail of the crossarin-partly broken away and in vertical sec: tion 3 and l! ig: 10, a detail of the cross-arn'i in horizontal section on line l0 10 of Fig. 9 with the nut and screw omitted.

On the draw 1 represents the foundatior, or. which sits the hollow pedestal or base 2 of the column, mast, or slai dard 3. In a vertical groove or recess in the front of the standard 3 we place the screw which is presferably suspended from its upper-end in order to prevent t1:1-liSliilr-r' ()i1 thereto of vibratiors and shocks produced by the machircryworking in or near its base. The upper end of the screw therefore has bearing in the lug 5, which ovorlmngs the said recess and is suspci dod by the not (i or its equivalent, resti; g on the said lug. The screw is sup 'iorted laterally by [he lmariig (3 and also by the lug or bmiri g 5% at tho bottom of the recess 7, which lug is screwed, to the lugs 8 8, extending downwardly from the base 2.

* receive any erases guided by vertical ribs ortracks 51, which are a part of the standard 3 and lie on opposite sides of the screw 4 and have each a front, a lateral, and a rear face to contact with the guiding-recesses 52 in the cross-arm. recesses are in opposing faces of two pairs of rearwardly-extending lugs, one pair 53, b inglat the upper side of the cross-arm andv the ot er pair 54, at the lower Loose on the screw shaft 4, just beneath the lug or bearing 6, is the worm-wheel 9, which is prevented from dropping on the shaft by means of the annular rib 1.0 on the shaft, seated in a corresponding groove in the wheel. The lower side of this wheel has rigid therewith the clutch member-11, which cooperates withthe clutch member 12, slidable toward and from the wheel 9 and caused to j rotate with the screw-shaft by means of the spline 14 on the shaft. hai't On the screw-s below the clutch member 12 is the loose pulley 13, having in its'upper side the recess to the hub on the bottom of the pulley, the recess and hub forming friction clutch members.

The wheel 9 is driven by the. worm 15 on the shaft '16, on which is secured one pair of slidablc members 17 of a variable sipee mechanism, the other pair of members 18 being on the shaft 19 and connected to the members 17 by the belt 20. Each pair of members 17 and 18 consists of cones having their tapering portions extending toward each. other, the pairs of cones constituting pulleys for the belt 20. The two members on one side of the belt are connected together the lever 21, and the two members on the o posits side of the-belt are connected together by the lever 22, the levers bein pivoted centrally between the pairs of members 1] and 18. The levers are connected to the hubs of the members by means oi" pins in the hubs eX- tending through slots in the levers; The right and left screw-threads on the shaft 23 work in the forward ends of the levers,which are guided horizontally by the cross-bars 24, secured to the frame of the variable-speed. mechanism. The shaft 23 is provided with the pinion 2e, geared to the geanwheel 25 on the shaft 26, having thereon the handwheel 27 The shaft 19 has securedv thereon the spur-gear 28, driven by the pinion 29 on the shaft 30 of the motor 31. I

The motor-shaft carries the bevelear. wheel 32, meshing with the bevel-gear w ieel 33 on the verticaT shaft 34 inthe pedestal 2.

adjusting-bolts 54 and have their rear walls detachable by means of the bolts 54", in on der that the cross-arm may be assembled and taken ofl'or the parts may for repair or inspection. J

Between the upper pairs of lugs 53 is the recess 55, open at its rear to receive then ut 56 in which the screw 4 works. The top and bottom flanges prevent the'nut from moving up arm, and the lateral Walls of the recess pre vent the rotation of the nut. The open rear side of the recess not only provides for the insertion of the nut, but allows the cross-arm or separating the nut and screw. 1 v

The cross-arm or carriage 50 is an X-beam, whose upper flanges guide and hold rigidly the support 57 for the air connection to'the and hold rigidly the support 58 tor t e draw ing-tool. The two supports are adjustable by the set-screws 59. hese adjustments enable the drawing-tool to be set andheld in receptacle. he support 58 carrie's the form 60, provided with the horizontal neck 611, roe 'tatable in a bearin in the flange 62. he

branches of the for 'arerecessed toreceivetherounded collar 63 'on the of the drawing-tool, having at its lower endthe expanded rim or bait '65, glass becomes directly attached. Theupper end of the stem 64 is provided with ma wardly-flaring which fits an opening in thebottom'of the The shaft 34 has thereon thepulley 35, concylinder 67, carried by the-support- 57'; The nected to the pulley 13 by the belt 36. connector 66 is. forced downWardlyby'the k 37 is an arm pivoted at 38and carrying the idle belt-tightening pulley 39, held against the belt 36 by the spring 10, secured to the arm, and the rod 41, adjustable to vary the tension of the spring by turning the nut 42. h

pressure on connector, which; is: prevented from being pushed. out

engagin' with the. stop-flange 7'0 in-the Icyhn' der. Ti extending up throu -lithe .top and connected to one endof the lever 71, piv oted on the ln 72 iii-the support 57. opposite end a chain 73 or. handle 47.

The hub of the clutch 12 is provided wit the circumferential groove 43, in which is seated the pins 4.4L, e xtendingthereinto from the two arms 45, one on each side of said hub, and both secured to the shaft 16, having the operating-handle 47' near the hand-wheel 27. The handle 47 is provided with any suitable catch to lock into notches 48 in the segment 49 at the side or". the handle.

Slidable vertically along the front of the standard 3 is the cross -'arm or carriage 50 tached' to the standard '3.

the bracket 75, at

These 4 side thereof. The recesses are provided with suitable liners and 75 be got at quickly or down independently of the crossto be removed without removing the screw go drawing-tool, and Whose lower flan es guide 5 perfect ahnement with the drawing-pot 01 10c hollowstem 6 to which the portion to receive the lower-r10 tapered end et the tubular connector 66, 1

spring 68, seated in the cylinder and exerting; rx 5 the'tbp of -l..h e' cyl nder and'jthe of the cylinder by the flange $39,

e'connector s provided with a rod r 20.

.Of-thecylinder f he oi the. lever has secured thereto the likehanging down near the r25 A pair of vertical guideerods 74 are sup- These rods guide erases the cross-headsTG, to which the sections 76 of a Vertical telescopic air-transmitting tube are secured to keep the sections in strict vertical alinement, thus preventing the binding of the sectionaon each other and providing a steady smooth operatioi'i. The upper tclcscopic member is connected to the cross-arm by means of the cars 77, through which this member extends. It is connected to the cylinder 67 and contains a suitable means to permit the adjustment of the supports 57 and 58 hereinbefore described We have shown the right and left threaded nut 78 in the horizontal portion of the inlet-pipe to permit the said adjustment; but other means may be substituted.

In order to heat the. air before its admission to the drawing-tool, we provide the burner 79 at the lower end oi the stationary vertical air-pipe 79; but the burner may be elsewhere located or the heating of theair otherwise provided for or even omitted if the conditions do not require it, The vertical air-pipe 79 is connected by the pipe 80 to the interior of the holder 81., which, s shown, is

not materially difi'erent from gas-holders in common use, except that the upper section is 'guided on a center mast or post 82, ,this section being provided with antil'riction guidewheels 83, which are in rolling contact with diileront sides of the post. The upper sec tion is counterbalanced by the weights 84,

hung on cords which pass over the sheaves on the cross-arm 86 on the post. The pipe 80 is provided with the valve 87, of any desired type, the valve-stem 38 bein provided with the opcrating-handlc 89 near the handie 47.

Near the top of the air-inlet pipe and preferably between the top and bottom guidelugs 53 and 54 we locate the valve 90, whose stem is operated by the bevel-gearing 91, driven by the square vertical shaft 02. The lower end of the shaft is operated by the shaft 93, through the interposed bevel-gearing 94. Theshait 933 is provided with the hand-wheel 95near the hand-wheels and operating-handles mentioned. in the vicinity of said hand-whccls and handles is the gage 96, connected with'the inlet-pipe to the drawing-tool to indicate to the operator the pressure of the air therein. The type of the gage is not essential, provided it be one which will show considerable n'iovcincnt l or a very slight change of pressure,

97 represents the lurnacc lrom'which the molten glass is drawn. in Figs. 7 and i; we show the details of the upper part ol the lurnace, which is an auxiliary l'urnace and, prel erably, not the one in which the ingredients The top of the are mixed and melted.

of the furnace is provided with an annular water-seal trough 98 to receive the downwardly-extcnding annular flange 99 around the edge of the drawing pot or receptacle 100,

the flange being, below the surl'ace ol' the water in the trough. The flange )9 rests upon the inner ends of the lovers 101, l'ulcrumcd on the outer rim of the trough and having their outer ends culvcd upwardly and within the swinging stirrups or loops 102; The outer ends ol' the lovers are provided with notches for the reception of the loops, so that the pot can he nicely adjusted to cause the glass therein to have corresponding portions ol the same depth. This is found o be important, as the glass drawn from portions of the pot where they glass deeper will not have the same thickness as the glass drawn from the shallower portions.

The pipe 80 is shown connected to the pipe 102-}, which connects with the air-pump 104,

driven by the motor 31, through the belt 105,-

which can be thrown oil the pulleys when the drawing-tool enters the molten glass in thepot at a certain distance. Nhen the glass has sullicicntly adhered thereto to carry it up l'rom the pot in sheet torm, thcopcrator opens the valve 87 by actuating the handle 8t) and the valve by the hand-whecl 95, whereupon air from the holder 81 is admitted to the telescopic pipe 76 and the hollow drawing-tool, the air being heated by the burner 79, ll prcl'orrcd. The motor is startcd now or has been previously"started by movinp the controller-hamlh- 106 and the dcsired speed of the motor obtained. it they handle 47 has been setat the center notch ol" the segmcnt 4!), the motor willnot actuate the screw 4 because the clutch member 12 will not be in engagement with either the clutch member 11 or the pulley 3;. 'licl'oro the motor is started the handle 47 is operated to cause the clutch members ll and 12 to inl/tl'lflcli, whereupon the screw 4 will cause the cross-arm 50 and the drawing-tool carried thereby to ascend. When the motor is started, a cylinder of glass is at the same time drawn by the tool from the pot llll). During the upward travel ol" the drawingdool the speed of travel may be changed by rotation of the haml whccl 27, which causes an. ovi dent change in the relative sizes ol the driving and driven portions of the variablc spccd cones, so that too speed of the belt 20 will be correspondingly varied. By this n'icchanism the speed is gradually changed, which is important in drawing glass, as sudden changes in the speed of drawing materially change the quality of the product. During the upward IIO ' multaneousl-y with the appearance of I drawing has glass cylinders, operates thescrew at a faster screw for its seat in the upper end of the stem tion as to distort the glass.

. erases 1. In the art of drawing hollow glassware, a vertically movable drawing tool, an a pipe connected thereto to su ply fluid-pressure to the interior of the hollow ware, said pipe including a telescopic portion extensible during the upward movement iermit the vertical movements of the drawing-tool without interrupting the fluid-supmovement of the drawing-tool it may be nec essary to control the admission of air passing I into the cylinder, because the pressure within the glass cylinder sometimes varies from the heat of the molten glass or from other causes, so as to cause an unequal-expansion of the cylinder and consequently produce cylinders of an irregular diameter fromend shown by the gage 96. The operator on noticing the fluctuation would at once rotate the hand-wheel 95, so as to increase or decrease the flow of air to the cylinder, thus regulating the air-su"pply' approximate therefor, means formoving wardly at the means for moving the carriage downwardly at a greater speed.

3. In the art of a hollow drawing-tool, a fluid-supply pipe, and .a rigid detachable connector between them to hold the drawing-tool rigid. A. in the art of drawing hollow glassware, -a drawing-tool, means pressure to the interior of the glassware, an a movable member constituting a part of the fluid-supply conduit for locking the drawingtool in operative ositiori.

5. In. the art oi drawing hollow glassware, a drawing-tool, means for raising and lowering the same, a driving means, separate driv ing connections between the raising and lowe'ring means andihe driving; means.

6. In the art of drawing ollow glassware, a drawing-tool, means for raising an lower in the same, a driving means, and separate driving. connections between the raising and lowering means and the driving means, one of the connections being vibration of the said means.

7. In the art of drawing a drawing-tool, ing the same, two driving connections therefor, and means for making operative either connection.

ly sir. the fluctuation. The fluctuation in pressure may also be counteracted by the operation of the variable-speed mechanism by means of the hand-wheel 27, so that the pressure may be reduced by an increased speed of drawing or increased by'a decreased s eed. After the been complete the handle 47 can'be thrown to discon'nect'the clutch mem bers 11 and 12 to stop the rotation of the screw, or the motor can be stopped, the valveclosed, and the. glass severed from that in the pot. The operator then pulls down on the chain 73, which lifts the connector 66 out of 64 of the drawing-tool, and an attendant with a proper tool now swings the lower end of the cylinder clear of the furnace, the swivel-neckfil per mitting the cylinder to swing. The operator now throws the lever 47, so as to cause the clutch member 12 to frictionally engage the pulley 13, which causes the screwtorotate, so as to lower the'cross-arrn 50 and drawingtool rapidly with the glass cylinder attached thereto: The attendant moves the lower end of the cylinder farther and farther away from. thei-urnace as the cross-armti) is lowered, until finally the c Iinder becomes horizontal. The drawing-too is disconnected from the fork 60, and the glass is supported on proper trusses. (Not shown.) T e cylinder is then cracked oil from the drawing-tool, a fresh 1 drawin -tool substituted on the said fork,

after w rich the operation is repeated. The

belt 36, which we prefer to use to lower the a vertically-movable carriage, a fluid-supply connection carried thereby, a valve. in ear a drawing-tool, a carriage to supportrthe a standard to guide thecarriage, a

operating the carriage, and means s eed than thework-gearing could without for suspen ing the screw from a partrelaunduly jarring the machinery and. cylinders. tively istant from its lower end.- p v I The belt-drrve for the screw may be used both 10. In the art of drawing hollow glassware,

to raise and lower the glass cylinders, if the .a drawingtool, a carriage worm and spur gears produce so much vibrasame having therein a socket, a standard to guide the carriage, a screw for operating the carriage, and a nut on the screw and in said socket. 1

11. In the art of drawing hollow glassware,

We have described our mechanism and its 0 eration in-detail'; but we have not intended thereby to in'\ ly that the structure drawn exhausts the ern hodiments of the principles which weernployl, either in the elements or a fluid within the draw and a telescopic portheir combinations; tion. connected thereto extensible duringthe Having describedourinvention, we claim draw, whereby excess pressure of fluid-within er the tool to hollow glassware, a screw for raising and lower- 8. In the art oi drawing hollow glassware,

to support the a traveling drawing-tool, a pipe for supply1ng' to end. It for any cause the air-pressure ply pipe. I should vary within theglass cylinder during 2. 1n the art of drawing hollow glassware, its, drawing, the variation would at once be a drawing-tool, a vertically-movable carriage the carriage updesired speed and a second drawing hollow glassware,

for supplying fluidrod flexible to prevent connection and non-trave ing means for op.-

9. In the art of drawing hollow glassware, (I!

the draw is minimized by the gradual increasing area of the teleseopio portions during the upward travel of-the drawing-tool- 12. In the art of drawing'hollow glassware, a traveling drawing-tool, means for transmitting, fluid-pressure through the tool to thein:

tenor of the draw; a plurality of means for controlling the flow of the fluid to the said means, one of the controlling means traveling with-the tool and means by which the latter 7 controlling means may be operated during the entlre draw. 1

to rotate and a non-rotating not adapted to move said carriage by the rotation of said screw.

Signed at Pittsburg this 21st day of July,

J. RAMSEY SPEER, GEORGE H. HARVEY. Witnesses:

F. N. BARBER, ALIOE E. 

